Digital Film Scanners

Filmmaking ... A film distributor may be contacted at an early stage to assess the likely market and potential financial success of the film... Hollywood distributors adopt a hard-headed business approach and consider factors such as the film genre, the target audience, the historical success of similar films, the actors who might appear in the film, and potential directors... All these factors imply a certain appeal of the film to a possible audience and hence the number of "A. I. S." (or "Asses in Seats") during the theatrical release...

Fan Film ... History The earliest known fan film is Anderson 'Our Gang.' which was produced in 1926 by a pair of itinerant filmmakers... Shot in Anderson, South Carolina, the short is based on the Our Gang film series; the only known copy resides in the University of South Carolina's Newsfilm Library... In the 1960s UCLA film student Don Glut filmed a series of short black and white "underground films", based on adventure and comic book characters from 1940s and 1950s motion picture serials...

Bollywood ... Etymology The name "Bollywood" is derived from Bombay (the former name for Mumbai) and Hollywood, the center of the American film industry... Dating back to 1932, "Tollywood" was the earliest Hollywood-inspired name, referring to the Bengali film industry based in Tollygunge, whose name is reminiscent of "Hollywood" and was the center of the cinema of India at the time... The name "Tollywood" went on to be used as a nickname for the Bengali film industry by the popular Kolkata-based Junior Statesman youth magazine, establishing a precedent for other film industries to use similar-sounding names, eventually leading to the term "Bollywood" being coined...

Propaganda ... As opposed to impartially providing information, propaganda, in its most basic sense, presents information primarily to influence an audience. Propaganda often presents facts selectively (thus possibly lying by omission) to encourage a particular synthesis, or uses loaded messages to produce an emotional rather than rational response to the information presented...

Surrealist Cinema ... History Surrealism was the first literary and artistic movement to become seriously associated with cinema, though it has also been a movement largely neglected by film critics and historians...

Low-budget Film ... Another early example of a very successful low-budget film was the 1975 Bollywood "Curry Western" film Sholay, which cost Rs... Other examples of successful low-budget Asian films include the Chinese films Enter the Dragon (1973) starring Bruce Lee, which had a budget of $850,000 and grossed $90 million worldwide, and Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), which had a budget of $15 million and grossed $214 million worldwide, making it the highest-grossing Chinese film of all time... In cases such as these, the producers hope to get distribution through successful audience reaction at film festivals...

Art ... Many definitions of art have been proposed by philosophers and others who have characterized art in terms of mimesis, expression, communication of emotion, or other values. During the Romantic period, art came to be seen as "a special faculty of the human mind to be classified with religion and science"...

Animation ... A 5,000 year old earthen bowl found in Iran in Shahr-i Sokhta has five images of a goat painted along the sides. This has been claimed to be an example of early animation...

Futurism ... Marinetti expressed a passionate loathing of everything old, especially political and artistic tradition. "We want no part of it, the past", he wrote, "we the young and strong Futurists!" The Futurists admired speed, technology, youth and violence, the car, the airplane and the industrial city, all that represented the technological triumph of humanity over nature, and they were passionate nationalists...

Film Release ... For example, a film may be shown at a film festival or trade show to attract distributor attention and, if successful, may then be released through a chosen distributor...

Jazz ... It was born out of a mix of African and European music traditions. Its West African pedigree is evident in its use of blue notes, improvisation, polyrhythms, syncopation and the swung note...

Traditional Animation ... In the case of most pre-1930 sound animated cartoons, the sound was post-synched; that is, the sound track was recorded after the film elements were finished by watching the film and performing the dialogue, music, and sound effects required... Editing the film at the animatic stage prevents the animation of scenes that would be edited out of the film; as traditional animation is a very expensive and time-consuming process, creating scenes that will eventually be edited out of the completed cartoon is strictly avoided...

Film ... Film is considered to be an important art form, a source of popular entertainment and a powerful method for educating – or indoctrinating – citizens...

Theatre Of India ... The major source of evidence for Sanskrit theatre is A Treatise on Theatre (Nātyaśāstra), a compendium whose date of composition is uncertain (estimates range from 200 BCE to 200 CE) and whose authorship is attributed to Bharata Muni. The Treatise is the most complete work of dramaturgy in the ancient world...

British Propaganda During World War II ... Whenever the Ministry had approved a subject we gave every help to the producer in obtaining facilities to make the film... As a result, the typical British war film attempts to construct a gripping suspense story which at the same time conveys propaganda ideas in support of the Allied cause... By 1942, the fear of invasion (as depicted in films such as Went the Day Well?) had receded, and film makers began to turn to the brutal reality of life in occupied countries...

Montage (TV Series) ... Montage profiled local personalities, such as the director of the Cleveland Orchestra Lorin Maazel and Cleveland Browns coach Paul Brown, and national ones such as Olympic skater Jo Jo Starbuck and Oscar-nominated actor William Gargan. It also looked at national issues with a local perspective...

Trailer (promotion) ... Of some 10-billion videos watched online annually, film trailers rank #3, after news and user-created video... film theater was in November 1913, when Nils Granlund, the advertising manager for the Marcus Loew theater chain, produced a short promotional film for the musical The Pleasure Seekers, opening at the Winter Garden Theatre on Broadway... Granlund was also first to introduce trailer material for an upcoming motion picture, using a slide technique to promote an upcoming film featuring Charlie Chaplin at Loew's Seventh Avenue Theatre in Harlem in 1914...

Film Crew ... Crew are distinguished from cast, the actors who appear in front of the camera or provide voices for characters in the film... Crew are also separate from producers, those who own a portion of either the film company or the film's intellectual property rights... A film crew is divided into different sectors, each of which specializes in a specific aspect of the production...

Film Theory ... Early film theory arose in the silent era and was mostly concerned with defining the crucial elements of the medium... It largely evolved from the works of directors like Germaine Dulac, Louis Delluc, Jean Epstein, Sergei Eisenstein, Lev Kuleshov, and Dziga Vertov and film theorists like Rudolf Arnheim, Béla Balázs and Siegfried Kracauer... These individuals emphasized how film differed from reality and how it might be considered a valid art form...